Sockeye
Salmon
Latin sName: Oncorhynchus nerka
Family:
Salmonidae Other
Names: Red salmon, blueback, silver
trout, kokanee (land-locked form)
Appearance:Ocean
adults have a greenish-blue back with
fine black spots, silvery sides and
a white belly.
Spawning sockeye have dark green heads
and bright red bodies.Males develop
a hooked nose and large hump on their
back. Average weight: 3-5.5 kg. (6-12pounds),
average length: 65 cm (25 inches).
Range:
: California to Alaska, with major
spawning grounds from Columbia River
to Bristol Bay. Major runs in Fraser
River and Puget Sound. Landlocked
kokanee in inland western lakes.
Life
History: Spawns in streams
headed by lakes. Fry move immediately
to lake for one to two years, then
out to ocean for one to five years.
Sockeye return to spend several
months in the lake prior to spawning.
Shrimp
Gourmets: All Pacific salmon
feed on shrimp, but the pink crustacean
is the mainstay of the sockeye diet.
The result? A rich red colour, high
oil content and superior taste-and
the most valuable species in the
salmon harvest. Sockeye were the
first salmon to be canned in quantity,
and continue to be the foundation
of the canning industry.
Land-locked
In The Lake: The sockeye
is the only Pacific salmon that
spends a major part of its life
cycle in a lake. Young sockeye fry
migrate immediately to a lake upon
emerging from their gravel nest,
and stay there for at least one
year-sometimes even two or three.
Some sockeye salmon, known as the
"kokanee" are not anadromous
at all-they spend their entire lives
in and about freshwater lakes.
Longevity
Leaders: Although many sockeye
salmon spawn and die after a three
or four-year life span, six-year-old
sockeyes are in the majority in
northern rivers, and eight-year-olds
are not unknown.
Fraser
River Favourite: In British
Columbia, the main spawning grounds
of the sockeye salmon are in the
Fraser River system, with young
salmon rearing in the Cultus, Adams,
Harrison, Horsefly, Shuswap and
Quesnet lakes.
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